標準號：ISO 14851-1999
中文標準名稱：水介質中塑料材料富氧菌生物降解性的測定 在一封閉呼吸器中測定需氧量的方法
英文標準名稱：Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in an aqueous medium - Method by measuring the oxygen demand in a closed respirometer
標準類型：Z04
發布日期：1999/12/31 12:00:00
實施日期：1999/12/31 12:00:00
中國標準分類號：Z04
國際標準分類號：83.080.01
適用范圍：This International Standard specifies a method, by measuring the oxygen demand in a closed respirometer, for the determination of the degree of aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials, including those containing formulation additives. The test material is exposed in an aqueous medium under laboratory conditions to an inoculum from activated sludge, compost or soil. If an unadapted activated sludge is used as the inoculum, the test simulates the biodegradation processes which occur in a natural aqueous environment; if a mixed or pre-exposed inoculum is used, the method can be used to investigate the potential biodegradability of a test material. The conditions used in this International Standard do not necessarily correspond to the optimum conditions allowing maximum biodegradation to occur, but the standard is designed to determine the potential biodegradability of plastic materials or give an indication of their biodegradability in natural environments. The method enables the assessment of the biodegradability to be improved by calculating a carbon balance (optional, see annex E). The method applies to the following materials: — Natural and/or synthetic polymers, copolymers or mixtures thereof. — Plastic materials which contain additives such as plasticizers, colorants or other compounds. — Water-soluble polymers. — Materials which, under the test conditions, do not inhibit the microorganisms present in the inoculum. Inhibitory effects can be determined using an inhibition control or by another appropriate method (see e.g. ISO 8192